“At that time, I didn’t remember any more why I had been taken from my biological mother’s custody,” Kluemper says. By the age of 16, Kluemper knew the videos existed and that they were being used as training aids, but no longer remembered what they contained.Īround the time that her father died, four years after his stroke, contact with her mother was re-established at the suggestion of Kluemper’s then foster mother. As time went by, she couldn’t remember any more why she didn’t see her mother. ![]() As a result, Corwin contacted Kluemper occasionally to ensure that she still consented to his use of the recordings.īut over the decades, Kluemper forgot what was actually on the videos. He believed this recording was an unusually clear and effective illustration of a child explaining abuse. With the assent of Kluemper and her father, Corwin was using the video of Kluemper as part of his training of fellow psychiatrists. There was one constant in the chaos: Corwin. In one year, she moved eight times, ending up in an informal foster home with other kids. Her mother had disappeared from her life, and she was not close to her half-brother. In fact, she was left with barely any family at all. “At that point, since I didn’t have any family members to step in and take custody of me, I lived in several different state-run or private living situations,” Kluemper says. Then, when she was 12, Kluemper’s father had a stroke and had to move to a convalescent home. Kluemper went to live with her father and stepmother. It is only the words that are shocking: a small girl describing how her mother has sexually abused her.Īs a result, Kluemper’s mother lost custody of her daughter. She looks into the video camera occasionally, articulate for a small child. Behind her are shelves of heavy legal textbooks. Her dark, curly hair is held back by a pink ribbon, and her smile is missing a front tooth. ![]() In the video, Kluemper, by then six, is playing with her crayons. In 1984, to create evidence for court hearings, a psychiatrist called David Corwin filmed interviews with Kluemper. Her parents’ marriage had broken down within months of her birth, but the divorce had been brutal and long, with the battle for custody sprawling over years. As part of the custody evaluation, a forensic evaluation was done.” “She and my father were in the process of getting a divorce. The results demonstrate substantial emotional differences in picture recognition that vary based on valence, arousal and retention interval.“When I was about four, I accused my biological mother of sexually molesting me,” Kluemper says, sitting in the living room of her peaceful split-level home to the east of San Diego. ![]() Emotional pictures were found to be more related than neutral pictures in each set however, the influence of relatedness alone does not provide an adequate explanation for all emotional differences. At both retention intervals, the pattern of valence effects differed based on the arousal associated with the picture sets. Under the longer retention interval emotion increased hit rates and FAR, resulting in reduced accuracy and/or bias. Under the shorter retention interval, emotion increased false alarms and reduced accuracy. ![]() This article presents four series of experiments examining recognition memory for emotional pictures while varying arousal and the control over the content of the pictures at two retention intervals, and one study measuring the relatedness of the series picture sets. Research on the mechanisms underlying bias differences has mostly focused on word lists under short retention intervals. This pattern is more frequently reported for words than pictures. Emotional material is commonly reported to be more accurately recognised however, there is substantial evidence of increased false alarm rates (FAR) for emotional material and several reports of stronger influences on response bias than accuracy.
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